The Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale (SNAP), developed by James Swanson, Edith Nolan and William Pelham, is a 90-question self-report inventory designed to measure attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in children and young adults.
Each question measures the frequency of a variety of symptoms or behaviors, in which the respondent indicates whether the behavior occurs "not at all", "just a little", "quite a bit", or "very much". The questionnaire takes about 10 minutes to complete and is designed for use with children and young adults ages 6-18. The questionnaire is currently in its 4th version, and its scores have shown good reliability and validity across multiple different study samples.
Video Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale
Question breakdown, scoring and interpretation
Scoring the SNAP-IV is based on a 0-3 scale, with each question being scored as follows based on participant response:
- 0 points: "not at all"
- 1 point: "just a little"
- 2 points: "quite a bit"
- 3 points: "very much"
Domain breakdown
The questions measure different domains of ADHD and ODD. The item breakdown is as follows:
- 1-10: Measures attention deficit hyperactivity disorder inattention symptoms
- 11-20: Measures attention deficit hyperactivity disorder hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms
- 21-30: Measures ODD symptoms
- 31-40: Measures "general childhood problems"
- 41-80: Measures non-ADHD disorders
- 81-90: Measures academic performance and deportment
Interpretation of subscale scores
Subscale scores add all scores on the items in the subset and divided by the total number of items in the subset. Subscale score cutoffs for the disorders are as follows:
- ADHD inattentive type: Teacher score of 2.56, parent score of 1.78.
- ADHD hyperactive/impulsive type: Teacher score of 1.78, parent score of 1.44.
- ADHD combined type: Teacher score of 2.00, parent score of 1.67.
- ODD: Teacher score of 1.38, parent score of 1.88.
Maps Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale
See also
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Oppositional defiant disorder
References
Further reading
- Pliszka, Steven; AACAP Work Group on Quality Issues (July 2007). "Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 46 (7): 894-921. doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318054e724 . PMID 17581453.
- Steiner, Hans; Remsing, Lisa; Work Group on Quality Issues (January 2007). "Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Oppositional Defiant Disorder". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 46 (1): 126-141. doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000246060.62706.af . PMID 17195736.
External links
- SNAP-IV rating scale
- SNAP-IV scoring instructions
- EffectiveChildTherapy.org guidelines on ADHD
- EffectiveChildTherapy.org guidelines on ODD
Source of article : Wikipedia
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